SEM: 1
SUBJECT:
PAPER-1 THE RENAISSANCE LITERATURE
TOPIC:
METAPHICAL POETRY BY JOHN DONNE
1: ELEGY-X- “THE DREAM”
2: “THE FLEA”
ROLL NO: 23
SUBMITED:
MAHAEAJA KRISHNAKUMAR SHINJI
BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
DEPT.OF. ENGLISH
METAPHYSICAL POETRY BY JOHN DONNE
1-ELEGY-X “THE DREAM”
2- “THE FLEA”
→ INTORODUCTION:-
John Donne was an English
poet and a cleric in the Church of England. He is considered the pre-eminent
representative of the metaphysical.
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BORN
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22 JANUARY 1572
LONDON, ENGLAND
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DIED
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31MARCH 1631
LONDON ENGLAND
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0CCUPATION
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POET,PRIEST,LAWYER
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NATIONALITY
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ENGLISH
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ALMA MATER
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OXFORD UNIVERSITY
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GENRE
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SATIRE,LOVEPOETRY ELEGY SERMONS
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SUBJECT
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LOVE,SEXUALITY,RELIGION,DEATH
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→ EARLY LIFE:-
John Donne was born in London, 1572
and he was the son of rich iron merchant. At that time merchant of England were
creating a new and higher kind of princes. On his father’s side he came from
and old welsh family and on his mother’s
side from the Heywood and sir Thomas more’s family. Both families were catholic
.His own education could not be continued because of his religion.
Donne was studied law at
Lincoln’s Inn ,was investigating as the philosophic ground of all faith. He
wrote poetry and shared his wealth
with needy catholic relatives. Whe his
wife died her allowance ceased and Donne was left with seven children in
extreme poverty.
All his work one finds a mystery
a hiding of some deep thing which the world would gladly know and share and
which is one poem is suggested in his Hunting little poem ,”The under taken “:
I HAVE DONNE ONE BRAVER THING
THEN ALL THE WPRTHIES DID;
AND YET A BRAVER THENCE DOTH SPRING,
WHICH IS, TO KEEP THAT HID
Donne’s
poetry is so uneven, at times so starting and fantastic that few critics would
care to recommend it to others.
John Donne was grater one, he was worked:
1) As metaphysical poet.
2) He was as a poet: His merits and
demerits.
3) He was also a general Estimate of as
a poet.
Donne reputation as a love poet
rests on his 55 lyrics which were
written at different period of his of his life, but were published for the
first time in1633 in one volume called songs and sonnets. They are literary
experiments exploration of love relationship from the man’s points of view.
John Donne was died in
1631.
→MEANING OF METAPHYSICAL:-
META-“Beyond”
PHYSICS- “Physical Nature”
It was Dryden first used the word
METAPHYSICAL in connection with Donne poetry and wrote, poetry and wrote DONNE
AFFECTS THE METAPHYSICS.
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FEATURES
OF METAPHYSICAL POETRY :-
FEATURES OF METAPHYSICAL POETRY
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→1) CONSCIOUS ATTEMPT.
→2) DISPLAY OF SCHOLARSHIP
→3)
FAR FEATCHED IMAGES
→4) SCHOLARSHIP AND MUSICALITY
→5) OPINION OF CRITICS.
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In the beginning of the 17th
century between 1600 and 1635 is the school of the poet emerged whose poetry came
to be known as the Metaphysical poetry.
Here I would like to write the 2 poems
of John Donne’s and entitled by “THE DREAM” and “ THE FLEA” this both poems
presents the love, emotion ,feelings etc. Both poems deal with the love and how
can they be treated with our love?
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DISCRIBED THE POEM:-
1. ELEGY -
X “ THE DREAM” :-
“THE DREAM” by john Donne juxtaposes emotion
of emotion of love in dream and in reality it is a poem about the lover
experience of love in dream. Which he finds more warm then the experience of
love in the reality it is poem about
comparison of love in a dream and in
reality and the conclusion that the lover arrive act is that love in dream is
more pleasing experience compared to
reality
“Image of her whom I love, more
than she,
Whose fair impression in my faithful heart’
Makes me her medal and makes her love me.”
The
poem being with the lovers confession
that in his dream. He love his beloved
more that her for herself there is an image of his beloved inscribed in his art
and he moves with it as if it were a medal.
“As kings do coins, to which
their stamps
Impart the value: go and take
my heart from
Hence,
Which now is grown to grate
and good
For me,
In
this line the lover compares it with a coin, just the impression of the king
value to the coin, the same way her image in his heart gives value to his life,
The lover finds dream the sense of honours does not bother him.
Honours oppress weak
spirits, and our sense
Strong objects dull;
The more, the less we
see.”
The
lover knows that an honour weakens spirits of a person, who is in love. Since
honours restrains his emotion of love.
“Convenient,and more proportional.
So if I dream I have you, I
have you,
For all our joys are but
fantastical
And I Scape the pain for
pain is true;
And sleep which locks up
sense,
Doth lock out all “
In
this second stanza lover described what happens with him when the dream is
lover. The joy which he experience in meeting his beloved in a dream is more
fantastical then joy in real meeting then joy in a real dream is convenient and
balanced that is the reason why is the lover without like to meet her again and
again in dream that dreams provides him with an escape from harsh reality and
pain of life. The reason is it is during sleep that over sense is locked and
does not bother us.
“After a such fruition I
shall wake and,
But the waking, nothing
shall repent;
In
the last concluding stanza of the poem the lover informs how he would like to
react to his on dream when he gets up, the lover is not willing to repent for
his meeting his beloved in that dream.
And shall to love more
thankful sonnet make
Than if more honour, tears
and pains were
Spent”
The
poet would like to pass by writing more sonnet hs beloved. He does not want to
waste his life in tears, pains were spent.
“But the dearest heart, and
dearer Image,
Image stay;
Alas, true joys at best
are dream enough;
Though you stay hear you
pass to fat away;
For even at first life’s
taper is a snuff.”
The
lover reques his dream to stay for some more time because joy act it’s a best
can be experience only in dream.
“Failed with her love may I
be; rather grown
Mad with much heart,
than idiot with none”
In
this line lover has to choose between, he would choose becoming made by feeling
his heart with her lover, the lover would prefer to be made but not living life
as an idiot.
→CONCLUSION:-
The present poem of John Donne
uses certain the far-fetched image giving it a metaphysical touch. The image of
coin with the Impression of king on it to described his heart is the best
example of it. John Donne through his poem conveys in massage that love in a
dream has more charming effect then love in a real life.
→2. THE FLEA:-
The
flea by John Donne is an ideal example of the metaphysical poetry. This poem
deals with theme of love but the image which the poet employs-“THE FLEA”-is
taken from the field of biology. The Flea was a small insect with sucks blood
form human body is insects is used hear as a theme for the expression of love.
“Mark but this flea, and mark in this,
How little that which thou deniest me
is;
It suck’d me first, and now sucks thee,
And this flea our two bloods mingled
be.
The
poem is addressed by the lover to his beloved and through these addressed
poetries to request his lady love not to reject his proposal. The lover goes on
proposing and every time it is rejected by lady. The lovers mention that both
have become one in the form of that flea. The flea first sucked his blood then
her blood and in this manner both have become the lover tries to conveys her
saying that whatever his denied by her has already happened in that flea. The
lover considers the mingled of their blood as their marriage, more than
marriage. That flea is their also temple.
O
stay, three live in one flea spare,
Where we almost, yea, more than married
are.
This flea is you and I, and this our
married bed,
And married temple is.
Such
and explanation of the lover . Tempt her to kill that flea but the
lover request her not to kill that flea. She if she kill it, it would be
killing three lives-lives of the flea, his life, and her life it would be a big
sin of her.
Though use make you apt to kill me,
Let not to that self-murder added be,
And sacrilege, three sins in killing three.
The
lady knows that she always willing to kill him but why should she kill herself.
He tries to make her aware of the fact that self-murder is a big sin.
The
lady does not follow his request and kills that flea, making the colour of her
nail purple. The admits that the flea was a guilty because of his a guilty
blood only position her blood was not guilty .The lady believes that she has
not became weaker. Even when to bloods became one in that flea. The lover once
again requests her to accept this as an example, that all her fears are false.
The lover is of the opinion that if she accepts his love it would being to
honour to her following to love is not in sin or an act on shame. On the
contrary it brings honour to a person.
→CONCLUSION:-
The present poem can be considered and
experiment made by JOHN DONNE because a poet uses hardly a biographically image
to deal with the theme of love. JOHN DONNE
has done that in this poem and he remain successes full.
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